In which year did the first popular web browser, Mosaic, become available to the public?
- (A) 1993
- (B) 1995
- (C) 1996
- (D) 1998
- (A) 1993
The first alpha version came out in January 1993. Version 1.0 followed in April 1993. This browser was the first to offer a graphical interface that many users could easily set up. But it ran on windows, Mac, and unix computers. And it also showed images right next to text instead of separate files. Mosaic’s release changed how people used the internet quickly. The number of websites jumped from about 130 in 1993 to over 100,000 by 1996. Over 25 years later, the internet remains shaped by what Mosaic introduced early on. That simple tool made browsing accessible to millions and helped launch the digital world as we know it today.
Modern computers compared to earlier computers are:
- (A) Faster & Larger
- (B) Smaller & Faster
- (C) Larger & Stronger
- (D) Slower & Reliable
- (B) Smaller & Faster
Modern computers have changed a lot compared to earlier ones because their internal parts evolved—from vacuum tubes to transistors, and now microprocessors. Early computers, like the ENIAC from 1945, were huge machines that filled entire rooms and could weigh as much as 30 tons. Thanks to advances in nanotechnology and microchips, today’s computers are much smaller and fit into devices we can hold, like smartphones and tablets. When it comes to speed, the early machines could only handle a few thousand operations every second. In contrast, modern processors work at gigahertz speeds, which means they can perform billions of instructions every second.
The shortcut key to close a selected window is:
- (A) Alt + F4
- (B) Ctrl + F4
- (C) Alt + F5
- (D) Alt + F3
- (A) Alt + F4
In Windows, you can close the active window or program by pressing Alt + F4. This works like clicking the ‘X’ button in the top-right corner and closes the current program right away. If no apps are open, using this shortcut will bring up the shutdown dialog instead.
In Microsoft Excel, what is the name of the file you create and work on?
- (A) A form
- (B) A ledger
- (C) A table
- (D) A workbook
- (D) A workbook
In Microsoft Excel, the file you create, edit, and save is called a workbook. A workbook acts like a container that can include several worksheets (spreadsheets) and chart sheets, helping you keep your data organized and make it easier to analyze and manage all in one place.
For printing of large drawings and images we use:
- (A) Line printer
- (B) Plotter
- (C) Laser printer
- (D) Dot matrix printer
- (B) Plotter
A plotter is a device made to print large, detailed graphics, architectural plans, and engineering drawings. Instead of using tiny dots like regular printers, plotters usually draw smooth, exact lines with automated pens or markers based on vector graphics. This method works well when accuracy and size matter, like with building blueprints or technical diagrams.
Full form of VPN:
- (A) Verified Public Network
- (B) Virtual Private Network
- (C) Visual Public Network
- (D) Verified Personal Network
- (B) Virtual Private Network
A Virtual Private Network, or VPN, is a service that helps keep your internet connection safe and protects your privacy online. It works by creating a secure, encrypted path for your data, which hides your IP address and helps protect your identity. This also lets you use public Wi-Fi more safely.
Which function automatically total a column or row of values in Microsoft Excel?
- (A) ADD
- (B) AVG
- (C) SUM
- (D) TOTAL
- (C) SUM
The SUM function in Microsoft Excel is made to add up a group of cells, like a row or a column, to give you a total. Excel also has an AutoSum tool, shown as the Greek letter sigma (Σ), which can quickly add a SUM formula and guess the nearby numbers for you.
What is the common name used for software errors?
- (A) Bugs
- (B) Trojans
- (C) Logic bombs
- (D) Viruses
- (A) Bugs
In computing, a bug is a mistake or problem in a computer program or system that makes it give wrong results or act in ways it’s not supposed to. The word bug became common in computing after Grace Hopper, a pioneer in the field, discovered an actual moth stuck in a relay of the Harvard Mark II computer back in 1947. She taped the moth into her logbook and mentioned that they were debugging the system.
Which of the following is not a major reason for an e-mail bounce?
- (A) Bad user account name
- (B) Bad domain name
- (C) Stale file handle
- (D) Domain server is down
- (D) Domain server is down
While all options can technically cause delivery issues, in the context of standard computer science and internet literacy assessments, “Domain server is down” is typically categorized as a temporary (soft) failure rather than a “major” or permanent reason (hard bounce) like an incorrect address. This is generally considered a soft bounce. Because it is a temporary technical issue, the sending server will usually attempt to redeliver the email several times over a period of hours or days before finally giving up.
‘Trackball’ is a/an _____.
- (A) Software device
- (B) Output device
- (C) Input device
- (D) Basic language
- (C) Input device
A trackball is a device used to control a computer by providing input signals. It has a ball held in a socket with sensors that detect when the ball turns. Unlike a regular mouse that you move around on a surface, a trackball stays still while you roll the ball with your fingers or palm to move the cursor on the screen.