Who invented the process of the vulcanization of rubber?
- (A) Dunlop
- (B) Goodyear
- (C) Pirelli
- (D) Michelin
- (B) Goodyear
Charles Goodyear, an American self-taught chemist and manufacturing engineer, invented the vulcanization process for rubber in 1839. He accidentally discovered the process while trying to heat natural rubber with sulfur, which resulted in the creation of a more durable, elastic, and temperature-resistant material, thus making rubber a commercial product.
Which of the following is most elastic material?
- (A) Glass
- (B) Rubber
- (C) Steel
- (D) Sponge
- (C) Steel
In physics, elasticity is the ability of a material to resist a change in shape and to return to its original shape when the force of pulling or pushing is removed. This is measured by a value called Young’s modulus, which is the ratio of stress to strain.
The Eiffel Tower named after Gustav Eiffel was completed in:
- (A) 1887
- (B) 1888
- (C) 1889
- (D) 1891
- (C) 1889
The Eiffel Tower, named after engineer Gustave Eiffel, was completed on March 31, 1889. It took a little over two years, two months, and five days to erect and served as the entrance arch for the 1889 World’s Fair (Exposition Universelle) in Paris, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution.
Where is the shrine of “Lal Shahbaz Qalandar” situated?
- (A) Sehwan Sharif
- (B) Multan
- (C) Shahbaz Nagar
- (D) Uch Sharif
- (A) Sehwan Sharif
The shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, a Sufi saint from the 13th century, is located in Sehwan Sharif in the Sindh province of Pakistan, in the Jamshoro District. His real name was Syed Muhammad Usman Marwandi. It is one of the most revered and visited holy places in the region, famous for its daily ‘dhamaal’ or spiritual dance.
“Lady Finger Peak” is located in which country?
- (A) Pakistan
- (B) China
- (C) Morocco
- (D) Sri Lanka
- (A) Pakistan
Lady Finger Peak, also known as Bublimotin, is located in the Hunza Valley of Pakistan’s Gilgit-Baltistan region. It is a 6,000-meter peak and is a part of the Batura Muztagh, which is the westernmost subrange.
Who is regarded as the forerunner of revenue administration in India?
- (A) Emperor Akbar
- (B) Sher Shah Suri
- (C) Alauddin Khilji
- (D) Ghiyas-u-Din Balban
- (B) Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri is remembered as a pioneer of the revenue system in India. During his short reign from 1540 to 1545, he brought about progressive and organized reforms in the land revenue system. The main components of this system were “jarib” or land measurement, “Patta” or title deed, and “Qabuliyat” or agreement, and direct assessment. This system formed the basis for the more comprehensive Mughal system to be developed later by Akbar.
Which electrolyte is most closely associated with cardiac function?
- (A) Calcium
- (B) Magnesium
- (C) Sodium
- (D) Potassium
- (D) Potassium
Potassium is regarded as the most important electrolyte in heart function because it is primarily involved in the regulation of the electrical rhythm of the heart. Abnormalities of potassium (hyperkalemia or hypokalemia) are the most frequent causes of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Where does the largest population of Kurds live?
- (A) Iran
- (B) Turkey
- (C) Iraq
- (D) Syria
- (B) Turkey
The largest number of Kurds is found in Turkey, where around half of the total Kurdish population resides, particularly in the southeastern part of the country. The estimated number of Kurds in Turkey varies between 13 million and 20 million.
The origin of the idea of Pakistan is associated with:
- (A) Quaid-e-Azam
- (B) Allama Iqbal
- (C) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
- (D) Ch. Rehmat Ali
- (B) Allama Iqbal
The vision of Pakistan is mainly the product of the ideas of the poet-philosopher Allama Muhammad Iqbal. In his presidential address to the All-India Muslim League in Allahabad in 1930, Iqbal emphasized the need for the Muslim-majority areas of North-West India, including Punjab, the North-West Frontier Province, Sindh, and Baluchistan, to be united in one state. This provided the foundation for the vision of a separate homeland.
Name the biggest hot desert of the world?
- (A) Kalahari
- (B) Thar
- (C) Sahara
- (D) Gobi
- (C) Sahara
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering an area of approximately 9.2 million square kilometers (3.6 million square miles). While it is often cited as the largest desert in the world, it is actually the third-largest, after the polar deserts in Antarctica and the Arctic.