PROVINCIAL MANAGEMENT SERVICE, ETC. (PMS) / COMBINED COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION (BS-17) 2020

• (C) Textile & Garments

The sector that has been most benefitted in the Pakistan economy because of the GSP+ status is (C) Textile & Garments. After the EU granted Pakistan the GSP+ status in 2013, the EU became the largest trading partner of Pakistan, with more than 85% of its exports, especially textiles and garments, being exported to the EU without any duties.

• (C) Sarojni Naidu

The noted writer, Sarojini Naidu, conferred the title of “Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity” upon Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in view of his strenuous efforts to bring the Congress and Muslim League closer to each other, particularly after the Lucknow Pact in 1916.

She honored him with this title, signifying her acknowledgment of his role as a central figure and mastermind of the Lucknow Pact of 1916, which had been a watershed moment that brought closer together the Indian National Congress and All India Muslim League. She honored his role two years later with a collection of his writings and speeches, titled “Mohamed Ali Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity” in 1918. In his earlier days, Gopal Krishna Gokhale had already spoken admiringly of Jinnah, saying he could be considered a potential ambassador for Hindu-Muslim harmony.

• (B) Rowlatt Act, 1919

The then prominent leader, M. Ali Jinnah and famously known as Quaid-e-Azam, withdrew from the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919 in a dissent against the Rowlatt Act. Quaid stated the Rowlatt Act was a tyrannical law that trampled human rights by allowing the British government to arrest individuals without trial.

• (A) Adam Smith

Adam Smith was the Scottish economist and philosopher who penned the famous work commonly known as “The Wealth of Nations”, with its full title being An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. First published in 1776, the book is considered one of the foundational texts in classical economics, covering topics such as how the division of labor increases productivity and how free markets function.

• (D) France

The Statue of Liberty was brought to the United States by the French people as a gift, designed by the French sculptor Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi and built on a metal framework designed by the French engineer Gustave Eiffel. It was intended as a symbol of the French-American alliance, which emerged during the American Revolution, the French reverence for freedom, and the American value of democracy. The French paid for the statue, while the Americans paid for the pedestal on which the statue rests through various fundraising efforts.

• (C) Spying

The Watergate scandal was a watershed event for politics in America in the 1970s and was initially triggered by the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters. At its core were three key issues:

• Political Espionage: Plumbers involved in the case were arrested for their involvement in bugging operations and taking photographs of campaign paraphernalia in order to ensure President Nixon’s illegal re-election.
• Abuse of Power: The investigation revealed a dirty tricks machinery and illegal surveillance/spying activities.
• Resignation: This actually backfired on the Nixon administration, resulting in Nixon becoming the only president in the history of the United States who has resigned from office.

• (A) Health

The third goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals is to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. It aims to reduce mortality rates amongst mothers and their babies, end diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, and provide universal health coverage. The third sustainable development goal is simply: Health.

• 1. SDG 1 – No Poverty: It aims to eradicate all types of poverty throughout the world, ensuring that everyone has access to vital resources and economic opportunities.
• 2. SDG 2 – Zero Hunger: End hunger, ensure food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.
• 3. SDG 3 – Good Health and Well-Being: Healthy lives and well-being for all at all ages, with a stronger focus on reducing mothers and children deaths, combating epidemics, and reaching universal health coverage.

• (D) Europe

The Treaty of Versailles, dated June 28, 1919, signaled the end of World War I between Germany and the Allied Powers. The major reason for the treaty was the desire for peace and stability in Europe through the reconfiguration of the map, creating new countries like Poland and Czechoslovakia, and strictly limiting Germany’s territorial and military control. Even though the impacts of the treaty would be far-reaching and include the colonies in Africa and Asia, it was essentially designed to end the European turmoil of the war.

• (D) Breton Wood Conference

The IMF, born from the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 in New Hampshire, came into formation as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference convened with 44 Allied nations in attendance. The premise was simple, yet vital: construct a new era of international cooperation in economics and eliminate the currency devaluations that led to the Great Depression. From an official standpoint, the official dates of the International Monetary Fund’s founding occurred on December 27, 1945, with the signing of the Articles of Agreement by the 29 founding nations.

• (A) Arunachal Pradesh

CHINA claims vast swaths of land under Indian administration, including the whole Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, which Beijing identifies as “Zangnan” or South Tibet. It also lays claim to and occupies the Aksai Chin area in Ladakh. India firmly rejects these claims.