The Chachnama, or Fatehnama-i-Sindh, had its origins in Arabic. It is the oldest surviving account of the Arab conquest of Sindh, describing the campaigns of Muhammad bin Qasim and the reign of Raja Chach. Although the original Arabic manuscript is now lost, the text survived in a Persian translation dated 1216 CE (613 AH) by Muhammad Ali bin Abu Bakr Kufi.